Nonlinear Strain Theory of Plastic Flow in Solids

We present a phenomenological time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory of nonlinear plastic deformations in solids. Because the problem is very complex, we first give purely elastic models in one and two dimensions, where large strains produce densely distributed slips but the mass density deviations remain small except near the tips of slips. Next we set up a two-dimensional model including an order parameter m representing the vacancy density or the local free-volume fraction, where relevant is the sensitive m dependence of the elastic shear modulus. In our simulation, if strains are applied to nearly defectless solids but in the presence of such elastic inhomogeneity, the order parameter and the mass density can become considerably heterogeneous for large strains on spatial scales much longer than the atomic size. These strain-induced disordered states are metastable or long-lived once they are created.